The Business
Beyond the MBA
How Specialised Master’s Degrees Are Reshaping Business Education
On the surface, lower MBA numbers suggest the business school is dying. But in reality, shifting student wants are reshaping their offerings.
By Niamh Ollerton
In Brief
- While MBA enrolment dips, Specialised Master's applications are surging, driven by student demand for focused skills and evolving employer needs for technical expertise. It's reinvention, not decline.
- Students seek faster, high-ROI programmes and technical skills, often earlier in their careers. Master’s in Analytics and Finance lead this surge, attracting employers seeking specific expertise, including international students valuing STEM designations for job market access.
- Business schools must innovate with flexible, diversified programs to meet evolving student and employer demands. Differentiate offerings and foster adaptability for a thriving, skill-driven future.
The graduate business education landscape has undergone a dramatic shift in recent years.
According to the AACSB 2025 State of Business Education report, MBA enrolment has declined by 13 percent since 2019, while applications to specialised Master’s programmes have more than doubled.
At first glance, this could signal waning of interest in the MBA, once the gold-standard qualification for aspiring business leaders. But beneath the headline, a more complex story awaits.
Students’ preferences are changing and employer needs are evolving. Business schools are responding by redesigning their programme portfolios for a more flexible, skills-driven future.
Financial pressures, global shifts and technological advances have all contributed to the change, too.
New learner expectations, geopolitical events, changing demographics and advancements in AI and digital technology all play their part in the evolution of business education as we know it.
This means traditional business school models and programmes need to adapt to stay ahead of the curve.
Business education in decline, it’s in reinvention.
A Shift in the Student Mindset
Today’s graduate business students are not always looking for the traditional, two-year, full-time MBA experience. Many are younger, earlier in their careers and seeking fast, focused programmes that deliver tangible ROI.
“I often think of it as a pendulum,” says Dr Michelle Wieser, QS Graduate Management Education (GME) Proposition Director, former Dean of St. Mary's University of Minnesota in the US and long-time higher education leader.
“The MBA offers a general business toolkit; it’s about elevating people into leadership roles. Specialised Master’s, on the other hand, are tightly aligned to specific job functions and career outcomes. They’re often quicker to complete and provide highly marketable, technical skills.”
This divergence in student intent is a key reason why MBAs and Specialised Master’s degrees shouldn’t be viewed as competing credentials. They serve different audiences at different stages of their professional journey.
According to Nalisha Patel, Regional Director for the Americas and Europe at GMAC: “It’s not so much a direct trade-off. Specialised Master’s typically attract candidates with less work experience, while MBAs are sought later in a career.
“These shorter, focused programmes offer deep technical or function‑specific skill development; ideal for pre‑experienced students or those pivoting into areas like finance, analytics or AI.”
Dr Wieser agrees, highlighting the growing demand among younger learners for faster, more focused pathways to employment.
“Many students, especially those with limited work experience, want to be able to tell a compelling story to employers. In the absence of a long CV, a specialised degree gives them depth in a high-demand field and a strong narrative for interviews.”
What’s Driving the Growth of Specialised Programmes?
According to AACSB data, Master’s in Business Analytics and Finance are leading the surge, followed closely by Management and Accounting.
The higher enrolment numbers demonstrate, and align with, employer demand for analytical, financial and functional expertise among the workforce.
GMAC’s Corporate Recruiters Survey confirms this trend, noting a growing willingness among employers to hire Specialised Master’s graduates, particularly in data-intensive and finance-focused roles.
Patel explains: “Our data shows that these graduates are more attractive to employers than ever before, especially in fields like analytics, which are now core to business decision-making. This is a significant shift from pre-pandemic years.”
Visa and work eligibility is another factor driving student enrolment. In the US, for example, many Specialised Master’s degrees are STEM-designated, which allows international students to stay and work for up to three years after graduation.
“For international students, that STEM designation is a game-changer,” Dr Wieser says. “It increases the ROI of their degree and opens up opportunities in the US job market that wouldn’t be available with other credentials.”

The Importance of the Diversification of Programmes
Dr Wieser launched several Specialised Master’s programmes during her time as Dean of St. Mary's University of Minnesota: “It was a strategic decision. Specialised Master’s programmes allowed us to attract a different demographic, younger students, more international applicants, people looking for a very specific skill set. And they also diversified our revenue streams.”
This kind of programmatic innovation is accelerating across the globe, according to AACSB.
Business schools are adding micro-credentials, executive education, dual degrees and industry-aligned certifications to meet diverse student and employer needs.
“We expect the MBA to deepen its integration of technology, sustainability, and inclusion across the curriculum,” says Patel. “It will diversify in delivery, fast‑track, hybrid, modular, and retain its place as a high-impact, high‑ROI option for mid‑career and career‑transition students.”
Schools need to be proactive rather than reactive to be competitive in the market.
“The schools that are going to win are the ones that embrace creativity, innovation and speed,” says Dr Wieser.
“It’s important to be creative, think about new modular ways of offering education and launch things that are directly aligned with market needs and then do what you can to grow or speed up processes for introducing new things to prospective students.”
Online, On Campus or Hybrid?
Modality poses another layer to the complex landscape.
According to a recent QS pulse data, MBA enrolments are now highest in online formats, particularly among working professionals who value flexibility.
“The online MBA student tends to be a career accelerator,” Dr Wieser explains. “They’re often already employed and need the MBA as a ‘ticket’ to promotion. On the other hand, the full-time, on campus MBA student is more likely a career changer, seeking immersive experiences and the chance to reset their trajectory.”
This bifurcation is driving schools to tailor not only what they offer, but how they offer it.
Shorter formats, asynchronous content, stackable modules and industry partnerships are all part of the MBA’s evolution.
Meanwhile, Specialised Master’s programmes are often offered in intensive, one-year formats, appealing to international and domestic students alike.
“The one-year Specialised Master’s is a strong value proposition. It’s affordable, focused and aligned with the skill sets employers are actively seeking,” note Dr Wieser.

Global Trends, Local Nuance
Although the broad trends are consistent across regions, the specifics vary depending on location.
In Europe, for example, the Master’s in Management (MiM) has long been a foundational business qualification, in many ways fulfilling the role the MBA plays in the US.
In contrast, the MiM is still in its infancy in the US, with American business schools only recently having started scaling the MiM and other similar early-career master’s offerings.
There is rapid growth in both MBA and Specialised Master’s formats in the Asia Pacific, especially in business analytics and supply chain, areas aligned with regional economic development.
The Americas are seeing a strong shift toward online MBA delivery and increased segmentation across programme types, particularly in top-tier US institutions.
“There’s no one-size-fits-all,” Dr Wieser says. “But almost everywhere, we’re seeing a move toward flexibility, modularity and student empowerment.”
Differentiating Offerings in a Potentially Saturated Market
With more institutions launching similar programmes to address the wants of graduate business students, particularly in finance, analytics and supply chain, there’s a growing risk of market saturation across the globe.
“It’s rare now to find a business school that doesn’t offer both a Master’s in Finance and Business Analytics,” Dr Wieser notes. “The challenge is differentiation. How does your programme stand out? What makes it distinctive in terms of experience, outcomes, or industry engagement?”
To future-proof their programmes, Patel suggests four key strategies for business schools.
Differentiate on leadership, ethics and strategic thinking areas where human decision-making still reigns; offer stackable credentials allowing students to build toward an MBA or executive education over time; prioritise flexible, inclusive formats to widen participation and accessibility; deepen employer ties ensuring relevance, employability and real-world engagement.
A Reimagined Ecosystem
Although at first glance it may have seemed that graduate business education is shrinking, the truth is that the increase in applications and enrolment onto Specialised Master’s programmes demonstrates it’s diversifying.
The MBA, once the undisputed cornerstone, now shares the stage with a suite of specialised, targeted and flexible credentials that reflect the needs of today’s students and employers.
For students, the opportunity lies in choice: choosing the right programme for the right moment in their career. For business schools, the imperative is agility - to evolve alongside a global economy that increasingly rewards skills, adaptability, and lifelong learning.
“The world requires so many different considerations of our leaders,” Patel reflects. “We still need MBAs, but we also need other pathways. The future lies in offering both.”
